ninetynine-1.3.0: Ninety-Nine Haskell Problems
CopyrightCopyright (C) 2021 Yoo Chung
LicenseGPL-3.0-or-later
Maintainerdev@chungyc.org
Safe HaskellSafe-Inferred
LanguageGHC2021

Problems.P42

Description

Part of Ninety-Nine Haskell Problems. Some solutions are in Solutions.P42.

Synopsis

Documentation

multiplicativeInverse :: Integral a => a -> a -> Maybe a Source #

In modular arithmetic, integers \(a\) and \(b\) being congruent modulo an integer \(n\), also written as \(a \equiv b \pmod{n}\), means that \(a - b = kn\) for some integer \(k\). Many of the usual rules for addition, subtraction, and multiplication in ordinary arithmetic also hold for modular arithmetic.

A multiplicative inverse of an integer \(a\) modulo \(n\) is an integer \(x\) such that \(ax \equiv 1 \pmod{n}\). It exists if and only if \(a\) and \(n\) are coprime.

Write a function to compute the multiplicative inverse \(x\) of a given integer \(a\) and modulus \(n\) lying in the range \(0 \leq x < n\). Use the extended Euclidean algorithm and the fact that \(ax \equiv 1 \pmod{n}\) if \(ax+ny=1\).

Examples

>>> multiplicativeInverse 3 5
Just 2
>>> multiplicativeInverse 48 127
Just 45
>>> multiplicativeInverse 824 93
Just 50
>>> multiplicativeInverse 48 93
Nothing